Gonorrhea infections of mucosal membranes can cause swelling, itching, pain, and the formation of pus. The current name was first used by the Greek physician Galen before AD 200 who referred to it as "an unwanted discharge of semen". Descriptions of the disease date back to before the Common Era within the Hebrew Bible/ Old Testament ( Leviticus 15:2–3). Infections in women most commonly occur when they are young adults. An estimated 33 to 106 million new cases occur each year, out of the 498 million new cases of curable STI – which also includes syphilis, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis. Gonorrhea affects about 0.8% of women and 0.6% of men. Sexual partners from the last two months should also be treated. Retesting is recommended three months after treatment. Resistance has developed to many previously used antibiotics and higher doses of ceftriaxone are occasionally required. Treatment is usually with ceftriaxone by injection and azithromycin by mouth. Gonorrhea can be prevented with the use of condoms, having sex with only one person who is uninfected, and by not having sex. Testing all women who are sexually active and less than 25 years of age each year as well as those with new sexual partners is recommended the same recommendation applies in men who have sex with men (MSM). Diagnosis is by testing the urine, urethra in males, or cervix in females. It can also spread from a mother to a child during birth. This includes oral, anal, and vaginal sex. Gonorrhea is spread through sexual contact with an infected person. If untreated, gonorrhea can spread to joints or heart valves. Many of those infected, however, have no symptoms. Complications in women include pelvic inflammatory disease and in men include inflammation of the epididymis.
Infected women may experience burning with urination, vaginal discharge, vaginal bleeding between periods, or pelvic pain. Infected men may experience pain or burning with urination, discharge from the penis, or testicular pain. Infection may involve the genitals, mouth, or rectum. Gonorrhoea or gonorrhea, colloquially known as the clap, is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Testing the urine, urethra in males, or cervix in females Ĭondoms, having sex with only one person who is uninfected, not having sex Ĭeftriaxone by injection and azithromycin by mouth Neisseria gonorrhoeae typically sexually transmitted Pelvic inflammatory disease, inflammation of the epididymis, septic arthritis, endocarditis None, burning with urination, vaginal discharge, discharge from the penis, pelvic pain, testicular pain
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